L2 Execution Engine

Table of Contents

Fees
- L1-Cost fees (L1 Fee Vault)
  - Fjord L1-Cost fee changes (FastLZ estimator)
    - FastLZ Implementation
    - L1-Cost linear regression details
- L1 Gas Usage Estimation

Fees

L1-Cost fees (L1 Fee Vault)

Fjord L1-Cost fee changes (FastLZ estimator)

Fjord updates the L1 cost calculation function to use a FastLZ-based compression estimator. The L1 cost is computed as:

l1FeeScaled = l1BaseFeeScalar*l1BaseFee*16 + l1BlobFeeScalar*l1BlobBaseFee
estimatedSizeScaled = max(minTransactionSize * 1e6, intercept + fastlzCoef*fastlzSize)
l1Fee = estimatedSizeScaled * l1FeeScaled / 1e12

The final l1Fee computation is an unlimited precision unsigned integer computation, with the result in Wei and having uint256 range. The values in this computation, are as follows:

Input arg	Type	Description	Value
`l1BaseFee`	`uint256`	L1 base fee of the latest L1 origin registered in the L2 chain	varies, L1 fee
`l1BlobBaseFee`	`uint256`	Blob gas price of the latest L1 origin registered in the L2 chain	varies, L1 fee
`fastlzSize`	`uint256`	Size of the FastLZ-compressed RLP-encoded signed tx	varies, per transaction
`l1BaseFeeScalar`	`uint32`	L1 base fee scalar, scaled by `1e6`	varies, L2 configuration
`l1BlobFeeScalar`	`uint32`	L1 blob fee scalar, scaled by `1e6`	varies, L2 configuration
`intercept`	`int32`	Intercept constant, scaled by `1e6` (can be negative)	-42_585_600
`fastlzCoef`	`uint32`	FastLZ coefficient, scaled by `1e6`	836_500
`minTransactionSize`	`uint32`	A lower bound on transaction size, in bytes	100

Previously, l1BaseFeeScalar and l1BlobFeeScalar were used to encode the compression ratio, due to the inaccuracy of the L1 cost function. However, the new cost function takes into account the compression ratio, so these scalars should be adjusted to account for any previous compression ratio they encoded.

FastLZ Implementation

All compression algorithms must be implemented equivalently to the fastlz_compress function in fastlz.c at the following commit.

L1-Cost linear regression details

The intercept and fastlzCoef constants are calculated by linear regression using a dataset of previous L2 transactions. The dataset is generated by iterating over all transactions in a given time range, and performing the following actions. For each transaction:

Compress the payload using FastLZ. Record the size of the compressed payload as fastlzSize.
Emulate the change in batch size adding the transaction to a batch, compressed with Brotli 10. Record the change in batch size as bestEstimateSize.

Once this dataset is generated, a linear regression can be calculated using the bestEstimateSize as the dependent variable and fastlzSize as the independent variable.

We generated a dataset from two weeks of post-Ecotone transactions on Optimism Mainnet, as we found that was the most representative of performance across multiple chains and time periods. More details on the linear regression and datasets used can be found in this repository.

L1 Gas Usage Estimation

The L1GasUsed property is deprecated due to it not capturing the L1 blob gas used by a transaction, and will be removed in a future network upgrade. Users can continue to use the L1Fee field to retrieve the L1 fee for a given transaction.